Introduction to Bacterial Signal Transduction Networks | p. 1 |
Abstract | p. 1 |
Introduction | p. 1 |
Mg2+ Stimulon | p. 1 |
EvgS/EvgA TCS | p. 2 |
Signal Transduction Cascade between EvgS/EvgA and PhoQ/PhoP TCSs | p. 5 |
Future Perspectives | p. 5 |
The Phoq/Phop Regulatory Network of Salmonella Enterica | p. 7 |
Abstract | p. 7 |
Introduction | p. 7 |
The Salmonella phoP Gene: from Phosphatase Regulator to Virulence Controller | p. 8 |
Structural and Functional Properties of the PhoP and PhoQ Proteins | p. 8 |
Defining the PhoP Regulon | p. 9 |
Direct Transcriptional Control by the PhoP Protein | p. 9 |
The How and Why of PhoQ/PhoP Positive Autoregulation | p. 11 |
Indirect and Nontraditional Transcriptional Control by the PhoP Protein | p. 12 |
Typical and Atypical Transcriptional Cascades | p. 12 |
A Feedforward Loop Regulating Expression of Horizontally-Acquired Genes | p. 14 |
PhoP as a Co-Activator Protein | p. 14 |
Connector Proteins that Regulate Response Regulators | p. 16 |
The Biological Consequences of Different Network Designs | p. 17 |
Conclusions | p. 18 |
Structural Basis of The Signal Transduction in The Two-Component System | p. 22 |
Abstract | p. 22 |
Introduction | p. 22 |
Structures of Each Domain in Two-Component System | p. 24 |
Signal Transduction in Histidine Kinase | p. 28 |
Oxygen Sensor FixL/FixJ System | p. 32 |
Conclusions | p. 36 |
The Two-Component Network and the General Stress Sigma Factor Rpos (¿s) in Escherichia Coli | p. 40 |
Abstract | p. 40 |
Introduction | p. 40 |
Regulation of RpoS | p. 41 |
The Response Regulator RssB Acts as a Targeting Factor in RpoS Proteolysis | p. 42 |
The Role of RssB in the Regulation of RpoS Proteolysis by Environmental Signals | p. 44 |
The ArcB/ArcA/RssB "Three-Component" System Coordinates RpoS Expression and Proteolysis with Energy Metabolism | p. 45 |
Role of the RpoS/RssB Feedback Cycle | p. 47 |
Role of the IraP Protein as an Antagonist of RssB | p. 47 |
Effects of RssB on Other Two-Component Systems | p. 47 |
Role of the BarA/UvrY Phosphorelay System in RpoS Transcription | p. 48 |
Role of the Rcs Phosphorelay System in RpoS Translation | p. 48 |
RpoS-Regulated Two-Component Systems | p. 49 |
Conclusions and Perspectives | p. 49 |
Small RNAS Controlled by Two-Component Systems | p. 54 |
Abstract | p. 54 |
Introduction | p. 54 |
Antisense Control of Translation Initiation and mRNA Stability | p. 55 |
Sequestration of RNA-Binding Proteins | p. 59 |
Combination of Antisense and Sequestration Mechanisms | p. 70 |
Concluding Remarks | p. 71 |
Two-Component Signaling and Gram Negative Envelope Stress Response Systems | p. 80 |
Introduction | p. 80 |
The ¿E Envelope Stress Response | p. 81 |
The Cpx Two-Component System | p. 87 |
The Bae Two-Component System | p. 94 |
The Phage-Shock-Protein (Psp) Response | p. 95 |
The Rcs Phosphorelay System | p. 99 |
Dual Regulation with SER/THR Kinase Cascade and a HIS/ASPTCS in Myxococcus Xanthus | p. 111 |
Abstract | p. 111 |
Introduction | p. 111 |
FruA: A Key Developmental Transcription Factor | p. 113 |
MrpC: A Transcriptional Activator for fruA Expression | p. 113 |
Genetic Study of the mrpC Locus | p. 113 |
MrpC Binding Sites in mrpC and fruA Promoter Regions | p. 115 |
Regulation of mrpC Expression Mediated by MrpA, MrpB and MrpC | p. 115 |
Pkn8-Pkn14 Kinase Cascade | p. 116 |
mrpC Expression in pkn8 and pkn14-Deletion Strains during Vegetative Growth | p. 117 |
MrpC2, a Major Regulator for mrpC and fruA Expression | p. 117 |
Inhibition by Pkn8-Pkn14 Kinase Cascade on MrpC/MrpC2 Expression during Vegetative Growth | p. 118 |
Overview | p. 118 |
Two-Component Signaling Systems and Cell Cycle Control in Caulobacter Crescentus | p. 122 |
Abstract | p. 122 |
Introduction | p. 122 |
Caulobacter crescentus: A Dimorphic Bacterial Model for Cell Cycle Regulation | p. 123 |
CtrA, GcrA and DnaA: Global Regulators of Cell Cycle Progression | p. 123 |
Transcriptional Control of CtrA | p. 125 |
Proteolytic Control of Cell Cycle Regulatory Proteins | p. 126 |
Phosphorylative Control of Cell Cycle Regulatory Proteins | p. 127 |
Upstream Cell Cycle Control by Opposing Kinases | p. 127 |
Network Control of Histidine Kinase Localization and Polar Morphogenesis | p. 128 |
The Search for Regulatory Signals | p. 128 |
REGB/REGA, A Global Redox-Responding Two-Component System | p. 131 |
Abstract | p. 131 |
Introduction | p. 131 |
Members of the Reg Regulon | p. 136 |
The Sensor Kinase RegB | p. 140 |
The Response Regulator RegA | p. 143 |
DNA-Binding Sites | p. 144 |
Concluding Remarks | p. 145 |
The BVGS/BVGA Phosphorelay System of Pathogenic Bordetellae: Structure, Function and Evolution | p. 149 |
Abstract | p. 149 |
Introduction | p. 149 |
Phenotypic Phases in the Expression of the Virulence Factors of B. pertussis | p. 150 |
Structure Function Relationships in the BvgS/BvgA Phosphorelay System | p. 153 |
BvgA-DNA Interactions | p. 153 |
Fine Tuning of the Activity of the BvgS/BvgA Phosphorelay | p. 155 |
Relevance of BvgS/BvgA Mediated Gene Regulation during the Infection Process | p. 156 |
Evolutionary Considerations | p. 156 |
Capturing The VIRA/VIRG TCS of Agrobacterium Tumefaciens | p. 161 |
Abstract | p. 161 |
Introduction | p. 161 |
Signal Perception and Transmission | p. 165 |
Antibiotic Development | p. 172 |
Perspective | p. 173 |
Quorum Sensing and Biofilm Formation by Streptococcus Mutans | p. 178 |
Abstract | p. 178 |
Introduction | p. 178 |
Virulence Properties of S. mutans | p. 179 |
Quorum Sensing System in S. mutans | p. 180 |
Quorum Sensing and Biofilm Formation in S. mutans | p. 182 |
Density-Dependent Production of Bacteriocins: Implications on Survival in Plaque | p. 184 |
Quorum Sensing-Dependent Growth Arrest and Cell Death | p. 184 |
Effect of Other Signal Transduction Systems on S. mutans Biofilm Formation | p. 184 |
Future Perspectives | p. 186 |
The Roles of Two-Component Systems in Virulence of Pathogenic Escherichia Coli and Shigella SPP | p. 189 |
Abstract | p. 189 |
Introduction | p. 189 |
Genome Structure of Pathogenic E. coli and Shigella spp. | p. 190 |
Two-Component Systems (TCSs) in Virulence Expression | p. 191 |
Conclusion | p. 197 |
Vancomycin Resistance VANS/VANR Two-Component Systems | p. 200 |
Abstract | p. 200 |
Introduction | p. 200 |
A Range of Different VanS/VanR Systems | p. 202 |
What Do the van Genes Encode? | p. 203 |
VanS/VanR Biochemistry | p. 204 |
VanS/VanR and Acetyl Phosphate | p. 205 |
'Crosstalk' with Other Two-Component Systems | p. 205 |
Relationships Between VanS Proteins of Different Origin | p. 206 |
What Is the Effector Ligand Recognised by VanS? | p. 208 |
Functional Differences between Vancomycin and Teicoplanin | p. 209 |
Evolution of the van Cluster | p. 210 |
Tearing Down the Wall: Peptidoglycan Metabolism and the WALK/WALR (YycG/YycF) Essential Two-Component System | p. 214 |
Abstract | p. 214 |
Introduction | p. 214 |
walRK Operon Structure | p. 215 |
The WalK Histidine Kinase | p. 216 |
The WalR Response Regulator | p. 218 |
A Matter of Life and Death: To Be or Not to Be Essential | p. 218 |
Global Analyses of WalKR-Regulated Genes Reveal a Major Role in Cell Wall Homeostasis | p. 220 |
walRK Operon Expression | p. 222 |
DNA Sequence Targeted by the WalR Regulator | p. 223 |
Phenotypes Associated with a Defect in WalKR Activity | p. 223 |
Impact of the WalKR System on Virulence | p. 224 |
The WalKR TCS as a Target for Antimicrobial Therapy: A Bacterial Achille's Heel? | p. 225 |
Inhibitors Targeting Two-Component Signal Transduction | p. 229 |
Abstract | p. 229 |
Introduction | p. 229 |
HK Inhibitors | p. 230 |
Inhibitors Targeting an Essential TCS, YycG/YycF | p. 232 |
Structure-Based Virtual Screening | p. 234 |
Index | p. 237 |
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |